This term, there are other uses, see Kalashnikov (disambiguation). Kalashnikov

Type: automatic
Country: USSR
Service history
Years of operation: since 1949
Adopted: 1949
Used: see Production and use of a Kalashnikov outside RussiaWar and conflict: almost all the wars of the second half of the XX century
Production history
Designer: Kalashnikov, Michael T.
Developed: 1947-1949 years
Manufacturer: Izhmash factory Tula Arms Plant
Years of production: 1949-1959 year Total production: more than 100 million (including a modernized version and foreign clones)
Options: AK, AKS, AKM and AKMS, AKMN, AKMSN, AKMS, AK74, AKS74U, AK74M, AKS74, AK101, AK102, AK103, AK104, AK105, AK-107, AK-108
Characteristics
Weight, kg: the first edition:
 4.3 (AK empty without bayonet), 0.43 (empty magazine)
Late Edition:3.8 (AK empty without bayonet), 0.33 / 0.82 (unloaded / loaded magazine)
bayonet:
 0.27 (without scabbard)
 0.37 (with sheath)
Top speed: 870
 1070 (with bayonet)
 645 (AKS stock folded)
Barrel length, mm: 415
 369 (threaded part)
Cartridge: 7,62 × 39 mm
Caliber: 7.62
How it works: removal of powder gasesButterfly Valve
Rate of
 rds / min: 40 (single combat)
 100 (combat bursts)
 ~ 600 (technical)
Muzzle velocity, m / s: 715
Sighting range, m: 800
Maximum
 range, m: 400 (effective)
 1000 (lethal)
 3000 (bullet)
Feed system: detachable box magazine 30 roundsSight: Sector
Images on Commons?: Kalashnikov


7.62-mm Kalashnikov  (AK, GRAU index - 56-A-212, often incorrectly  called the AK-47) - Machine, developed by Mikhail Kalashnikov in 1947 and adopted by the Soviet Army in 1949 year.Served as the basis for a whole family of military and civilian firearms of various calibers, including the AKM and AK74 (and their modifications), RPK, carbines and shotguns "Saiga" and others.

AK and its variants are the most The proliferation of small arms in the world. According to estimates,this type (including license and unlicensed copies, as well as third-party tools based on the AK) belongs to 1/5 of the total available in the world of small firearms.  For 60 years, was released more than 70 million Kalashnikov automatic rifles of various types. They are in service with 50 foreign armies. The main competitor of Kalashnikov rifles - American M16 assault rifle - was produced in an amount of about 10 million, and is in service with 27 armies around the world.

Many experts believe that the AK is a model of reliability and ease of maintenance.

The RPG-7 (GRAU index - 6G2) - Soviet / Russian reusable grenade to fire the active-reactive (rocket-powered) grenades, development GSKB-47 (now SNNP "Basalt"). Designed to fight tanks, self-propelled artillery and other armored vehicles of the enemy,can be used to destroy enemy personnel in shelters, as well as to deal with low-flying air targets. Adopted in 1961. Produced more than 9,000,000 RPG-7 [2]

Effectively used in almost every conflict since its inception.Is the most common and recognizable grenade in the world [citation needed 216 days]. Thanks to the modernization of ammunition poses a significant threat to modern armored targets with no active protection systems, so it remains popular to this day.

TT pistol was developed as a result of tests carried out by the mid-1920s with the aim of creating a modern self-loading weapon that was to replace outdated Nagant revolver model 1895 and a number of foreign self-loading models. One of the most popular foreign models was then famous Mauser C-96.In 1920 he bought in large quantities, and the Red Army to appreciate its powerful 7.62mm cartridge. For this cartridge and it was decided to create our own model. During the same period, the Soviet Union buys German company "Mauser" license holder 7,63 × 25 and starts its production in Russia under the symbol "7.62 -mm pistol cartridge. "

Were tested several pistols different designers, and in the end the choice fell on the model gunsmith Fedor Tokarev. TT pistol was created by design team under the Tokarev in Development office of the Tula Arms Factory. Tasks concerning the quality of the gun,were made by the new design decisions Tokarev, who has taken a basis Browning locking system, as the simplest and best suited for use in compact weapon at such a powerful cartridge, as well as the layout and design of the gun Browning M1903.

In the years 1930-1932 was released a few thousand copies.Weapons Tokarev was easy to handle and use, superior to other samples by weight and sizes, and easy to work with prolonged firing. The great advantage of the Soviet arms industry in those years was manufacturability and ease of production of the pistol. The tender committee headed by MFTokarev pistol Grushetskaya considered the most appropriate and suitable for adoption of the condition that will be corrected shortcomings. Commission requirements included improving shooting accuracy, relief efforts descent and safe to handle. Tokarev a few months of work to complete the task.Decision on additional tests was adopted on 23 December 1930.

February 12, 1931 the Revolutionary Military Council of the USSR ordered the first batch of 1,000 guns for comprehensive military trials. That same year, Tokarev pistol was adopted for the Red Army under the official designation of "7.62-mm automatic pistol arr. 1930 ", together with the cartridge 7,62 × 25 under the designation of "7.62-mm pistol cartridge" P "arr. In 1930. " Unofficially, this weapon was called TT (Tula Tokarev), later followed by this name stuck.

In order to facilitate technology in 1932-1933. weapon has undergone some modernization: lugs barrel now performs turning,not milled as before; frame manufactured seamless, without a removable lid handle, were modified disconnector and trigger pull. Mass production began in 1933, and in early 1934 the pistol was adopted under the name of "7.62-mm automatic pistol arr. In 1933. "In Tokarev pistol combines the design features of different systems: the scheme of locking the barrel design DM Browning, applied in the famous Colt M1911, Browning M1903 design and cartridge, originally developed for pistol Mauser C96. However, the gun has the original designs: the integration of the shock-trigger in a separate single-unit block, which at dismantling weapons freely separated from the frame for cleaning and lubrication, accommodation of the mainspring in the trigger, reducing the width of the longitudinal arm, mount cheeks with handle attached to them turning bars, simplifies disassembly gun
no safety mechanism, a function that is only run half-cock the hammer.

CT produced in increasing quantities until the beginning of the Great Patriotic War. By June 22, 1941, the Red Army has received about 600 000 CT-33. During the war, production increased even more.Trophy TT used in the Wehrmacht with the designation Pistole 615 (r).

In 1946, TT was slightly modified, thus reducing its cost. External difference postwar samples was that they had to cover-gate was applied instead of the small grooves in the vertical semicircular keyway prewar.Production of the gun in the USSR continued until 1952, when has been adopted 9mm Makarov (PM). However, CT continued to be used in the Soviet Army until the early 1990s [citation needed 432 days], and the police - until the 1970's. He also produced under license in China, North Korea, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Yugoslavia.Most imported CT was issued under the cartridge of 7.62 mm, although some commercial models made for export, used cartridge 9 × 19 mm Parabellum. TT still is in service in some countries.

Currently TT pistol steady demand among fans of shooting from military weapons.